Client - Server Relationship
The two computers, the client and the server, communication using Hypertext Transfer Protocol, or HTTP, a language both computers understand. Protocols are rules which determine how computers act when talking to one another. No matter what hardware you use (Apple, Dell, Toshiba, HP, etc.) the computers can communicate because they are speaking the same language.
Types of networks :-
Organizations of different sizes, structures , and budgets need different types of networks. A local newspaper company has needs for it's network that would be different from the needs of a multinational company. Networks can be divided into one of two categories: peer-to-peer or server based networks.
Peer-to-Peer network :-
A peer-to-peer network has no dedicated servers; instead information or devices. When there is no dedicated server, all workstations are considered equal; any one of them can participate as the client or the server. Peer-to-peer networks are designed to satisfy the networking needs of home networks or of small companies needs of home networks or of small companies that do not want to spend a lot of money on a dedicated server but still want to have the capability to share information or devices. For example, a small accounting firm with there employees that needs to access customer data from any of the three systems or print to one printer from any of the three systems may not want to spend a lot of money on a dedicated server. A small peer-to-peer network will allow these three computer to share the printer and the customer information with one another (see Figure 1 -1). The extra cost of a server was not incurred because the existing clients systems were networked together to create the peer-to-peer network.
The Microsoft term for a peer-to-peer network is a workgroup. Be aware that peer-to-peer networks typically consist of fewer than 10 systems.
Most of the modern operating systems such as Windows XP and Windows Vista already have built- in peer-to-peer networked capabilities, which is why building a peer-to-peer network would be a "cheap" network solution. The disadvantage of a peer-to-peer network is the lack of centralized administration with peer-to-peer networks , you need to build user accounts and configure security on each system.
Server-based Networks:-
A big disadvantage of peer-to-peer networking is that you can't do your day-to-day administration in a single place. With peer-to-peer networking, user accounts typically are created on all the systems, and data files are stored throughout all the systems . This leads to a more complicated environment and makes you job harder as a network administrator . Usually after four or five systems have been networked , the user accounts and data files becomes apparent - this is a server - based networks
The advantage of a server - based network is that the data files that will be used by all of the user's are stored on the one server. This will help you by giving you a central point to set up permissions on the data files, and it will give you a central point from which to back up all of the day in case data loss should occur. With a server - based networks, the network server stores a list of users who many use network resources and usually holds the resources as well.
The server in a server - based network may provide a number of different services.
The services it will often to the network usually are decided by the server's role.
There are a number of different roles that a server could play on a network:
The Microsoft term for a peer-to-peer network is a workgroup. Be aware that peer-to-peer networks typically consist of fewer than 10 systems.
Most of the modern operating systems such as Windows XP and Windows Vista already have built- in peer-to-peer networked capabilities, which is why building a peer-to-peer network would be a "cheap" network solution. The disadvantage of a peer-to-peer network is the lack of centralized administration with peer-to-peer networks , you need to build user accounts and configure security on each system.
Server-based Networks:-
A big disadvantage of peer-to-peer networking is that you can't do your day-to-day administration in a single place. With peer-to-peer networking, user accounts typically are created on all the systems, and data files are stored throughout all the systems . This leads to a more complicated environment and makes you job harder as a network administrator . Usually after four or five systems have been networked , the user accounts and data files becomes apparent - this is a server - based networks
The advantage of a server - based network is that the data files that will be used by all of the user's are stored on the one server. This will help you by giving you a central point to set up permissions on the data files, and it will give you a central point from which to back up all of the day in case data loss should occur. With a server - based networks, the network server stores a list of users who many use network resources and usually holds the resources as well.
The server in a server - based network may provide a number of different services.
The services it will often to the network usually are decided by the server's role.
There are a number of different roles that a server could play on a network:
- File and print servers
- Application servers
- Web server
- Directory servers
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