Operating system :-
2. Software -
"Anything abstract/intangible about a computer system (i.e.which exists, but cannot be touched or seen) is a part of the software of the system ",It is a combination of data (information) and program (instruction) to give the desired result this makes computer to work. A set instruction, stored digitally within the computer's memory, which tells the computer system what to do.
Types of software :
Basically there are two types of software:
1) System software
2) Application software
Operating system :
An operating system is a set of programs which organizes and controls the computer system. MS DOS UNIX, windows are popular operating systems.
An operating system or OS is a software program that enables the computer hardware to communicate and operate with the computer software. Without a computer operating system, a computer and software 'programs would be useless.
The operating system is the most important program that runs on a computer. Every general-purpose computer must have an operating system to run other programs. Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the display screen, keeping track of files and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.
Operating systems can be classified as follows :
1) Multi -user : All two or more users to run programs at the same time. Some operating systems permit hundreds or even thousands of concurrent users.
2) Multiprocessing : Supports running a program on more than one CPU.
3) Multitasking : Allows more than one program to run concurrently,
4) Multithreading : Allows different parts of a single program to run concurrently.
5) Real time : Responds to input instantly. General -purpose Operating systems, such as DOS and UNIX, are not real-time.
Examples of computer operating system.
Apple MacOS : Apple computer operating system. The only Apple computer operating system.
Ubuntu Linux : A popular variant of Linux used with PC and IBM compatible computers .
Google Android : operating system used with Android compatible phones.
IOS : Operating system used with the Apple iPhone.
Operating systems provide a software platform on top of which other programs, called application programs , can run. The application programs must be written to run on top of a particular operating system, Your choice of operating system, therefore, determines to a great extent the applications you can run. For pcs, the most popular operating systems are DOS, OS/2 , and Windows, but others are available, such as Linux.
System software are classified as
Operating systems :- Already discuss
Assemblers :- A program, which translates an assembly language program into machine language program , is called a self - assembler. An lesser powerful and cheaper computer may not have enough software and hardware facilities for program development and convenient assembly. In such a situation a faster and powerful computer can be used for program development.
Compiler :- A program, which translates a high -level language program into machine language program, is called a compiler. A computer is more intelligent than assembler. It checks all kinds of limits, ranges, error etc. Burt it's program execution time is more and occupies large part of the memory. It has low speed and low efficiency of memory utilization.
Interpreters :- An interpreter is a program, which translates on stetament of high -level language program into machine code and executes it. In this way it proceeds futher till at the statements of the program are translates and executes, on the other hand a compiler goes through the entire high level languages program once and then translates the entire program into Low Level language. A compiler is faster than interpreter . An interpreter is small program as compared to the compiler. It occupied less memory space. It may be used in smaller system that has limited memory space.
Emulators :- These are hardware and software designed to cause one device such as computer to behave as it was another. Emulators are used in computer that is under development or for which software is being developed.
Utility Programs, :
Utility programs help manage, maintain and control computer resources. These programs are available to help you with the day-to-day chores associated with personal computing and to keep your system running at peak performance. Some examples of utility programs include:
> Virus scanning software : Virus Scanning Software are utility programs designed to protect your computer from computer viruses. Virus scanning software is critical to uses, due to the number of computer viruses (small computer programs created to disrupt and destroy computer files and/or operating system software).
Anti-Virus Software :-
There are many anti-virus software packages available in the market. Some anti-virus programmes are able to check the status of files and disks very easily. It makes sense to use these programmes regularly and so establish a safe computing routine that can pay big dividends. There are two types of anti-virus software's. You can chose a software that is made resident and continuously monitors your system. It immediately notifies the attack of a virus and in some cases can even prevent the entry of a virus. There are other kides of software's that you can use to scan the hard disk or a floppy disk. If a virus is found on a disk, you can remove it with this software. An anti-virus software which claims the ability to repair virus damage, and retrieve lost files can be dangerous tham.
The characteristics of good anti-virus software can be listed as follows.
1. The anti-virus software should be able to detect and remove a large number and types of viruses . It is better if it has provision to protect against new viruses.
2. It is very important for Anti-virus programmes to be self-checking. Examing them each time they execute, to ensure that no changes have been made since these were complied.
3. A programme scanning, disinfection and memory resident portion should be fairly swift and easy to understand. It should also genred heldful and accurate messages during operation.
5. The data of the partition table and the boot sector is very peculiar. Therefore checking it for viruses in not enough. Anti-Virus software should be able to prevent viruses from writing to the boot sector and partition table.
6. The programmes chosen should be easy to install configure and use.
Backup software; Backup software is software that assists you in backing up your files and even the entire computer hard drive. It is Important for you to back up your files regularly (see the File Management Tutorial for more information).
Scandisk :- Scandisk is a utility provided with Windows computers . Scandisk scans your disks to see if there are any potential problems on the disk, such as bad disk areas. Since disks are magnetic media, all disk, including your hard drive can be corrupted,
2. Software -
"Anything abstract/intangible about a computer system (i.e.which exists, but cannot be touched or seen) is a part of the software of the system ",It is a combination of data (information) and program (instruction) to give the desired result this makes computer to work. A set instruction, stored digitally within the computer's memory, which tells the computer system what to do.
Types of software :
Basically there are two types of software:
1) System software
2) Application software
Operating system :
An operating system is a set of programs which organizes and controls the computer system. MS DOS UNIX, windows are popular operating systems.
An operating system or OS is a software program that enables the computer hardware to communicate and operate with the computer software. Without a computer operating system, a computer and software 'programs would be useless.
The operating system is the most important program that runs on a computer. Every general-purpose computer must have an operating system to run other programs. Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the display screen, keeping track of files and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.
Operating systems can be classified as follows :
1) Multi -user : All two or more users to run programs at the same time. Some operating systems permit hundreds or even thousands of concurrent users.
2) Multiprocessing : Supports running a program on more than one CPU.
3) Multitasking : Allows more than one program to run concurrently,
4) Multithreading : Allows different parts of a single program to run concurrently.
5) Real time : Responds to input instantly. General -purpose Operating systems, such as DOS and UNIX, are not real-time.
Examples of computer operating system.
Apple MacOS : Apple computer operating system. The only Apple computer operating system.
Ubuntu Linux : A popular variant of Linux used with PC and IBM compatible computers .
Google Android : operating system used with Android compatible phones.
IOS : Operating system used with the Apple iPhone.
Operating systems provide a software platform on top of which other programs, called application programs , can run. The application programs must be written to run on top of a particular operating system, Your choice of operating system, therefore, determines to a great extent the applications you can run. For pcs, the most popular operating systems are DOS, OS/2 , and Windows, but others are available, such as Linux.
System software are classified as
Operating systems :- Already discuss
Assemblers :- A program, which translates an assembly language program into machine language program , is called a self - assembler. An lesser powerful and cheaper computer may not have enough software and hardware facilities for program development and convenient assembly. In such a situation a faster and powerful computer can be used for program development.
Compiler :- A program, which translates a high -level language program into machine language program, is called a compiler. A computer is more intelligent than assembler. It checks all kinds of limits, ranges, error etc. Burt it's program execution time is more and occupies large part of the memory. It has low speed and low efficiency of memory utilization.
Interpreters :- An interpreter is a program, which translates on stetament of high -level language program into machine code and executes it. In this way it proceeds futher till at the statements of the program are translates and executes, on the other hand a compiler goes through the entire high level languages program once and then translates the entire program into Low Level language. A compiler is faster than interpreter . An interpreter is small program as compared to the compiler. It occupied less memory space. It may be used in smaller system that has limited memory space.
Emulators :- These are hardware and software designed to cause one device such as computer to behave as it was another. Emulators are used in computer that is under development or for which software is being developed.
Utility Programs, :
Utility programs help manage, maintain and control computer resources. These programs are available to help you with the day-to-day chores associated with personal computing and to keep your system running at peak performance. Some examples of utility programs include:
> Virus scanning software : Virus Scanning Software are utility programs designed to protect your computer from computer viruses. Virus scanning software is critical to uses, due to the number of computer viruses (small computer programs created to disrupt and destroy computer files and/or operating system software).
Anti-Virus Software :-
There are many anti-virus software packages available in the market. Some anti-virus programmes are able to check the status of files and disks very easily. It makes sense to use these programmes regularly and so establish a safe computing routine that can pay big dividends. There are two types of anti-virus software's. You can chose a software that is made resident and continuously monitors your system. It immediately notifies the attack of a virus and in some cases can even prevent the entry of a virus. There are other kides of software's that you can use to scan the hard disk or a floppy disk. If a virus is found on a disk, you can remove it with this software. An anti-virus software which claims the ability to repair virus damage, and retrieve lost files can be dangerous tham.
The characteristics of good anti-virus software can be listed as follows.
1. The anti-virus software should be able to detect and remove a large number and types of viruses . It is better if it has provision to protect against new viruses.
2. It is very important for Anti-virus programmes to be self-checking. Examing them each time they execute, to ensure that no changes have been made since these were complied.
3. A programme scanning, disinfection and memory resident portion should be fairly swift and easy to understand. It should also genred heldful and accurate messages during operation.
5. The data of the partition table and the boot sector is very peculiar. Therefore checking it for viruses in not enough. Anti-Virus software should be able to prevent viruses from writing to the boot sector and partition table.
6. The programmes chosen should be easy to install configure and use.
Backup software; Backup software is software that assists you in backing up your files and even the entire computer hard drive. It is Important for you to back up your files regularly (see the File Management Tutorial for more information).
Scandisk :- Scandisk is a utility provided with Windows computers . Scandisk scans your disks to see if there are any potential problems on the disk, such as bad disk areas. Since disks are magnetic media, all disk, including your hard drive can be corrupted,
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