System unit
System unit also known as system cabinet or classis.
Desktop system unit - contain the system's electronic components and selected secondary storage devices. Input and output devices are located the system unit. Vertical units are often called tower model.
Network system units -portable and smaller. This system unit contains electronic component, secondary storage, input and output devices located outside the system unit, the monitor is attached by hinges.
Tablet PC system units and handheld system unit have not a keyboard. They use stylus pen like device.
Binary system -consists only two numbers 0 and 1
Each 0 and 1 is called bit -short for binary digit. 8 bit = 1 byte
ASCII ( american standard code for Information Interchange)
8 bit
Microcomputer
EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code)
8 bit
Large computers
Unicode - for Chinese and Japanese languages
16 bit
To support international languages
System board - Mother board, main board. Connectes all system components and communicate.
Sockets - connection points for small chips.
Chips - tiny circuit boards etched onto squares of sand like material called silicon.
Chip - called silicon chip, semiconductor or integrated circuit.
C. P. U. - central processing unit or Proccesor is contained on a single chip called the microprocessor. "brains" of computer system.
1)control unit - controls and direct instructions between the CPU and input and output devices.
2)Arithmetical - logic unit (ALU) - performs arithmetic and logical expressions consist of comparisons.
Chip capacity - expressed in word sizes
A word is the number of bits accessed at one time by the CPU. E. g. 16,32 or 64. Bits.
Unit :- Speed
Microsecond. Millionth of a second
Nanosecond. Billionth so a second
Picosecond. Trillionth of a second
CISC - Complex Instructions Set Computers. Widely used chip with thousands programs. This design was popularized for Inter and Interconnection compatible processors.
RISC- Reduced Instruction Set Computer. Use fewer instructions. Simpler and less costly than CISC. Used in most powerful microcomputers knows as workstations. E. g. Power PC of Motorola, SPARC by sun.
Dual - core chip- provide two separate and independent CPUs. There chips allow a single computer to run two programs at the same time. This approach is called Parallel processing
Specialty Processors - Graphics coprocessors- displayed and manipulation 2D and 3D graphics images.
Parallel Processors - to run or process large programs.
Smart cards - a plastic card like credit card size that has an embedded chip. Smart cards can store so times information stored.
Memory - hold data, instructions and information.
There types of memory chip-
1) RAM (Random Access Memory) -Volatile storage or temporary storage.
2) RAM lost information as soon as the computer is turned off.
3) Cache memory or RAM cache - improves processing acting as a temporary and the CPU.
4) Flash RAM or Flash memory -retain or hold data even if power is disrupted. Most expensive.
5) Virtual memory used to run large programs stored on secondary storage device.
Unit. Capacity
Megabyte (MB) 1 million bytes
Gigabyte (GB) 1 billion bytes
Terabyte (TB) 1 trillion bytes
2) CMOS - Complementary metal -oxide semiconductor contains essential information that is required time the computer system is turned on.
Type. Use
Ram Programs and data.
ROM. Fixed start -up instructions
CMOS Flexible start-up instructions.
System unit also known as system cabinet or classis.
Desktop system unit - contain the system's electronic components and selected secondary storage devices. Input and output devices are located the system unit. Vertical units are often called tower model.
Network system units -portable and smaller. This system unit contains electronic component, secondary storage, input and output devices located outside the system unit, the monitor is attached by hinges.
Tablet PC system units and handheld system unit have not a keyboard. They use stylus pen like device.
Binary system -consists only two numbers 0 and 1
Each 0 and 1 is called bit -short for binary digit. 8 bit = 1 byte
ASCII ( american standard code for Information Interchange)
8 bit
Microcomputer
EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code)
8 bit
Large computers
Unicode - for Chinese and Japanese languages
16 bit
To support international languages
System board - Mother board, main board. Connectes all system components and communicate.
Sockets - connection points for small chips.
Chips - tiny circuit boards etched onto squares of sand like material called silicon.
Chip - called silicon chip, semiconductor or integrated circuit.
C. P. U. - central processing unit or Proccesor is contained on a single chip called the microprocessor. "brains" of computer system.
1)control unit - controls and direct instructions between the CPU and input and output devices.
2)Arithmetical - logic unit (ALU) - performs arithmetic and logical expressions consist of comparisons.
Chip capacity - expressed in word sizes
A word is the number of bits accessed at one time by the CPU. E. g. 16,32 or 64. Bits.
Unit :- Speed
Microsecond. Millionth of a second
Nanosecond. Billionth so a second
Picosecond. Trillionth of a second
CISC - Complex Instructions Set Computers. Widely used chip with thousands programs. This design was popularized for Inter and Interconnection compatible processors.
RISC- Reduced Instruction Set Computer. Use fewer instructions. Simpler and less costly than CISC. Used in most powerful microcomputers knows as workstations. E. g. Power PC of Motorola, SPARC by sun.
Dual - core chip- provide two separate and independent CPUs. There chips allow a single computer to run two programs at the same time. This approach is called Parallel processing
Specialty Processors - Graphics coprocessors- displayed and manipulation 2D and 3D graphics images.
Parallel Processors - to run or process large programs.
Smart cards - a plastic card like credit card size that has an embedded chip. Smart cards can store so times information stored.
Memory - hold data, instructions and information.
There types of memory chip-
1) RAM (Random Access Memory) -Volatile storage or temporary storage.
2) RAM lost information as soon as the computer is turned off.
3) Cache memory or RAM cache - improves processing acting as a temporary and the CPU.
4) Flash RAM or Flash memory -retain or hold data even if power is disrupted. Most expensive.
5) Virtual memory used to run large programs stored on secondary storage device.
Unit. Capacity
Megabyte (MB) 1 million bytes
Gigabyte (GB) 1 billion bytes
Terabyte (TB) 1 trillion bytes
2) CMOS - Complementary metal -oxide semiconductor contains essential information that is required time the computer system is turned on.
Type. Use
Ram Programs and data.
ROM. Fixed start -up instructions
CMOS Flexible start-up instructions.
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